Which hormone maintains the uterine lining, inhibits FSH/LH production, and inhibits uterine contractions?

• A. Estrogen
• B. Progesterone
• C. Oxytocin
• D. LH

Answer: (B)

Progesterone is the hormone that maintains the uterine lining, dampens FSH and LH production, and reduces uterine contractions. After ovulation, the corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which transforms the endometrium into a secretory lining rich in glands and nutrients to support implantation. It also provides negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary, lowering GnRH and thus FSH and LH release to prevent another ovulation during the same cycle. In the uterus, progesterone makes the myometrium less excitable, helping keep contractions in check to maintain a stable environment for a potential embryo. Estrogen mainly stimulates lining growth, oxytocin promotes contractions, and LH triggers ovulation, so the hormone described is progesterone.