Which statement about meiosis is true?

• A. It increases the chromosome number.
• B. It produces genetically identical diploid gametes.
• C. It reduces chromosome number and increases genetic variation.
• D. It occurs only in prokaryotes.

Answer: (C)

Meiosis halves the chromosome number to form haploid gametes and also creates genetic variation. As homologous chromosomes pair and exchange genetic material during prophase I, crossing over mixes alleles. Then the random orientation of these pairs during metaphase I and their separation in anaphase I further shuffles genetic material. The result is four genetically unique haploid cells, not identical copies. This contrasts with the idea of increasing chromosome number or producing diploid, identical gametes, and it also isn’t something that happens in prokaryotes.